Influence of plant cover on water retention in population centers

Many cities suffer the consequences of floods. We have studied which plant species cause greater water infiltration into the soil, to maximize the effectiveness of water retention in population centres, putting into practice Nature-Based Solutions (NBS). To do this, we built a humidity sensor with Arduino to measure the humidity and water infiltration capacity of soils influenced by 5 species of trees and 7 different species of shrubs. Results: areas occupied by shrubs infiltrate a greater amount of water, providing a better alternative than trees to mitigate the risk of flooding in populated centres. Species like rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus) or oleander (Nerium oleander) stand out for the development of their root system. If planting of trees is needed, Elms (Ulmus pumila) are a good option.